Canada announced regulations on Monday to cap carbon emissions from its oil and gas industry and reduce the release of greenhouse gases, a move bitterly opposed by the energy industry and met with lukewarm support from some environmentalists who say the rules are not strict enough.

Canadian officials said the country would cut emissions from its energy sector by 35 percent over 2019 levels by 2030. The regulations, which include financial incentives and credits, flesh out the government’s announcement last December that it intended to limit emissions.

“We’re asking the oil and gas sector to invest their record profits into pollution cutting projects,” Steven Guilbeault, Canada’s environment minister, told a news conference. “Every sector must do its part. Oil and gas companies are no exception.”

The United States is the largest importer of Canadian fossil fuels, with most coming from oil sands in Alberta, which require large amounts of energy for production.

Canada’s oil and gas industry is the country’s largest source of carbon emissions, accounting for about one-third of the overall total.

While some oil sands operations have reduced the amount of carbon emitted for each barrel they produce, overall production has increased, raising emissions from oil sands by 142 percent over the last 19 years.

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